Boisduval's Blue
Plebejus icarioides  pembina
Immatures

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Male      Male Eclosure      Specimen


Ova - Oviposited on June 25, 2008
Using lupine from the same area
  ova


Larvae
Hatched June 30th and photo taken July 2, 2008
emerged June 30th, photo on July 2, 2008


Molted to 2nd instar on July 5th, photo taken on July 6th 2008
2nd instar


Molted to 3rd Instar on July 8th, photo on July 11th
3rd instar


Molted to 3rd Instar on July 8th, photo on July 11th
3rd instar


4th Instar #1 on July 15th
4th


4th Instar #1 on July 17th - yellowish orange spots are pollen
4th instar


4th Instar #1 - July 17th
4th instar


4th instar #2 shows pale bluish-green spot on
the  thoracic shield -  July 19th
4th instar


4th instar #2 - July 19th
4th instar


This caterpillar was half eaten by one of the other caterpillars
half eaten larva verifies cannibalistic tendencies of this species


Pupae
New pupa formed July 26th
This pupa formed on July 26th lateral view with discarded skin

8 day old pupa  showing eye developing on lateral view
ventrall view of 8 day old pupa 8 day old pupa

10 day old pupa  - 12 1/2 hours before male butterfly emerged
12 1/2 hours before adult male emerged 10 day old pupa, 12 1/2 hours before male butterfly emerged

10 day old pupa - 1 3/4 hours before adult male emerged
1 3/4 hours before adult emerged


Photo Details - ©Nicky Davis
Located females at Strawberry Reservoir, Wasatch County, Utah on  June 24, 2008. 
Elevation 7700 feet
N. 40.09.85, W. 111.11.517

Laid eggs on June  25th and the larvae hatched on June 30, 2008.  These normally hibernate as 2nd instar after turning brown per James A. Scott's Butterflies of North America.  I reared them under 24x7 room light by an east facing window, changed to fresh host plant daily and some of these went straight through to adult butterflies.

Ova
Females began ovipositing on June 25th using the lupine from Strawberry Reservoir. ( 5 days as ova)

Larvae
Larva hatched June 30th, photo taken on July 2, 2008.  Larvae fed on lupine from Strawberry Reservoir 23 to 26 days before pupating. (5 days as first instar)
Molted to 2nd instar on July 5th, photo taken on July 6th (3 days as  second instar)
Molted to 3rd instar on July  8th, Left photo taken on July 11th, right photo on  July 13th (6-7 days as third instar)
Molted to 4th and last instars on July  14th and 15th photo (7 days as fourth instar)
Cannibalized larva photo

Pupae
Butterflies emerged from pupae after about 10 days. 

Sub-Species information
"7700 feet elevation in Wasatch Co. would make them pembina. The borderline between pembina and fulla (ardea) is real fuzzy-  basically,  a 1500 or 2000' chunk of real estate between the deserts and mountain  habitats..."  Andy Warren

Host
Lupine, unknown species from Strawberry Reservoir.

Notes
While the Type Locality is in Montana, the name has traditionally been applied to basically all northern intermontane icarioides from NW CO, N UT, WY, SD, MT, ID, N NV, E WA and E OR. The truth of the matter is, that the name is more of a dumping ground for a variety of populations, since as you have already noticed, one can observe subtle differences between populations across this large area. From C UT, though C and S NV and E CA adults tend to be somewhat paler below, with rather reduced black spots, and these are called icarioides fulla (TL Mono Co., CA). Where pembina ends and fulla begins is anyone's guess, and it can probably be defined largely on elevation and habitat from S-C UT eastward; certainly the line between then will pass through Utah somewhere. However, most populations in UT and W CO have adults that fit both phenotypes, when enough adults are examined. So it is kind of messy, but a broadly defined pembina is probably better than another 10 or more subspecies of icarioides (since we already have 23 described ssp.), although in the future somebody will most likely "break up" pembina...    Andy Warren

Host Plant
Lupines


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